转译社会学视野中的传统习俗与环境治理--以闽南春节“禁炮”行动为例

闽南春节燃放鞭炮的传统习俗由来已久,近年来城市社区面临环境污染问题,为解决突出的环境问题,在环境治理的时代背景下,政府出台了禁止在市区燃放鞭炮的规定。而关于"禁炮"的行动,被政府随之开展,也引发了传承传统文化与保护生态环境的矛盾。转译社会学是科学社会学的重要理论,以该视角考察闽南春节"禁炮"的社区协商与环境治理机制,分析作为"禁炮"行动发起人的政府所采取的四个转译策略,探寻相关行动者为有效解决这一矛盾的路径,最终形成一个异质型行动者网络。     

农民工就业现状和路径分析——以呼和浩特市为例

为了明确农民工就业现状及其就业路径,本文采用文献资料法和问卷调查法对内蒙古呼和浩特市农民工基本情况和就业质量现状进行调查,提出相应的就业路径。结果表明,(1)涵盖11个行业的293份问卷中,男性占57.0%,已婚占78.84%,26-50岁人数占调查总人数的83.28%。低技术含量行业(交通运输行业、生活服务行业、批发行业、零售行业)和高技能行业(金融业、教育、信息)的农民工比例分别为26.62%、58.77%和12.97%。(2)农民工人力资本水平和受教育程度低,其中无任何专业资格证、初级和中级以上专业技术资格证书的农民工占调查总人数的百分率依次分别为73.38%、14.68%和11.95%;初中及以下学历和本科以上学历的农民工频率分别为69.62%和11.26%。(3)农民工工资水平和环境满意度较低,61.9%的农民工对自己的工资收入不满意,25.9%农民工的月平均工资低于3000元;就呼和浩特市第一、第二产业内部各行业年平均工资来说,建筑业、制造业、农林牧渔业、电力、燃气及水的生产和供应业、采矿业分别为4.11、5.19、5.47、5.66、6.47万元,农林牧渔每一项的年平均工资仅为1.37万元,远低于其它产业。此外,28.3%的农民工对其工作环境很不满意,31.4%的农民工对其工作环境满意。(4)农民工职业发展环境一般、权益保障水平较低、未来职业规划不明确;65.2%的农民工所在单位未组织过职业技能培训,仅15%的农民工定期进行相关培训。仅有38.9%的农民工与企事业单位签订了劳动合同,而签订3年期及以上劳动合同的比例仅为14.7%;参加工伤保险、医疗保险、养老保险和失业保险的农民工比例分别为25.3%、28.3%、33.1%和13.3%。此外,65.9%的农民工对自己的未来职业发展没有明确的规划,仅27.6%的农民工表示有清晰的规划。(5)呼和浩特市农民工就业路径选择要重点依托产业结构调整和传统产业升级、加大农民工创业扶持力度,提高农民工职业发展能力,针对不同社会资源和不同受教育程度农民工提出相适应的就业选择路径。     

我国农村田园综合体产业扶贫模式探析——以湖南省邵阳市吴家村为例

田园综合体作为产业扶贫的新模式,为精准扶贫和乡村发展做出了积极的贡献。本文以湖南省邵阳市新邵县龙溪铺镇吴家村五郎文化田园综合体为例,通过调查了解该田园综合体项目信息,总结和探讨该田园综合体产业扶贫的模式、积极作用与存在的问题,试图提供具有一定借鉴作用的建议。     

高技术服务业与资源型产业融合对资源型企业两阶段创新效率的影响

基于新技术与新知识的高技术服务业跨界融合是传统企业实现创新资源优化配置、创新研发和商业转化的重要因素。因此，运用熵指数测度全国各省区高技术服务业与资源型产业融合水平，并利用2014—2017年资源型上市公司面板数据检验两大产业融合对资源型企业两阶段创新效率的影响，同时探讨企业吸收能力的调节作用。结果表明：现阶段高技术服务业和资源型产业融合程度不高，但发展态势良好，处于从失调走向协调的转变期；产业融合对资源型企业创新研发效率短期无显著影响，长期存在抑制作用，资源型企业技术能力刚性导致对新技术的排斥，且较大的产业间认知差距削弱了产业间良性互动带来的技术扩散效应；产业融合对创新转化效率呈先抑制、后促进效应，就长期而言，产业融合具有良好的创新转化推动力；资源型企业吸收能力分别在产业融合与滞后一期创新研发效率及滞后三期创新转化效率的关系中起正向、负向调节作用，表明资源型企业吸收能力构建尚不全面。     

为什么日本是一个“创业真空”国度

日本的创新水平处于全球前列，而日本社会创业的比例却很低，被称为“创业真空”国家。作为创业领域非常重要的概念和变量，一个国家新生创业者比例对于其经济发展至关重要。使用全球创业观察2014年的数据，采用个人层面是否为新生创业者和创业意愿作为主要因变量，分析国家层面的变量对于个人成为新生创业者的影响。结果发现，国家层面单一因素，如文化上的不确定性规避意识，对新生创业者并不产生显著影响，宏观经济的稳定性则会影响个人是否成为新生创业者。在加入年龄这一调节变量后，发现三者之间的交互项显著。这说明日本低创业率不仅仅是单方面因素导致的，而更是宏观经济不稳定性、不确定性规避以及老龄化三者之间共同影响的结果。研究结果对于正确理解日本创业现状以及制定促进创业的相关政策具有重要意义。     

Opportunity recognition and SME performance: the mediating effect of business model innovation

Opportunity recognition is vital for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), but SMEs face challenges in capturing recognized opportunities. Given that opportunity recognition does not automatically lead to higher SME performance and that SMEs need to take appropriate actions to exploit recognized opportunities to achieve better performance, it is imperative to explore the mediators that enable SMEs to translate opportunity recognition into higher performance. This study proposes that business model innovation may be a key conduit through which opportunity recognition affects SME performance. Based on a dataset of 155 SMEs, we find that the positive relationship between opportunity recognition and SME performance is mediated by business model innovation. These findings not only aid SMEs in accomplishing the performance effect of opportunity recognition, but also provide some insights into the implications of business model innovation.     

How middle managers manage the political environment to achieve market goals: Insights from China's state‐owned enterprises

Research summary: Although the middle management literature has identified various bridging roles performed by middle managers in the market environment, it is relatively vague about whether and how they manage the political environment to achieve market‐related goals. In an inductive field study of four large state‐owned enterprises based in mainland Communist China, operational middle managers were found to take an active role in dealing with political actors to achieve market efficiency in their local environments, performing two distinct bridging strategies. Our field study suggests that middle managers are better equipped than their bosses (top executives) as well as their subordinates (frontline employees) to perform the bridging function between competing market and political imperatives in various local settings. Managerial summary: For firms that operate in diverse geographies, it is challenging for a handful of top executives to deal with numerous political actors. This burden could be shared with operational middle managers, who play a bridging role by drawing on their operational knowledge and local networks. Our research on middle managers who work under the scrutiny of political actors in China found that they bridge market and political ideology by conveying common features that seem legitimate to both. They also bridge market goals and political actors with personal affect. Compared to top executives and frontline employees, middle managers have unique advantages in performing these bridging functions. Firms can enhance their strategy execution ability by training middle managers in dealing with political actors in diverse contexts. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

2015:Make-or-break Year for China’s Cross-Border E-Commerce Companies

Iresearch estimates that the volume of China’s cross-border e-commerce accounted for China total export-import volume 11.9%in 2013,up to 14.8%in 2014.By 2017,cross-border e-commerce occupies a proportion of the total amount of China’s foreign trade that is expected to reach about 20%.T-he players shared their different opinions with China’s Foreign Trade.     

Gift-Giving Down in China

On January 29,the Hurun Research Institute released the Hurun Best of the Best Awards 2015 in Beijing,based on the results of the Hurun Report Chinese Luxury Consumer Survey2015.This is the eleventh consecutive year Hurun Research has revealed the brand preferences,consumption habits and lifestyle trends of China’s wealthiest individuals.Widely regarded as an ISO9000 for China’s luxury sector,the CLCS has become a benchmark for the luxury sector.Hurun Report Chairman and Chief Researcher Rupert Hoogewerf said,